BOOK2 CH12 Geographical Perspective On Selected Issues And Problems (Important Question Answer)
BOOK2 INDIA PEOPLE AND ECONOMY
CH12 GEOGRAPHICAL PERSPECTIVE ON SELECTED ISSUES AND PROBLEMS
IMPORTANT QUESTION ANSWER
1 Mark Questions
Q1 What is the criterion for the classification of pollution?
Ans Types of pollution are classified on the basis of the medium through which pollutants are transported and diffused.
Q2 Mention any two sources of water pollutants created by humans
Ans TVvo sources of water pollutants created by humans are:
1.Sewage disposal
2.Toxic effluents from industries
Q3 Mention any two diseases caused by contaminated water
Ans Two diseases cauesd by contaminated water:
1. Diarrhoea
2. Hepatitis
Q4 Mention any two sources of land pollution in India
Ans Two sources of land pollution in India are as follows:
1.Increasing use of chemicals like fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture.
2.Increasing industrial activities.
Q5 Name any two natural sources of water pollution.
Ans Landslides and decay and decomposition of plants and animals are natural sources of water pollution.
Q6 Name any two diseases that are caused by air pollution.
Ans Lung cancer and asthma are two diseases caused by air pollution.
Q7 Mention the root cause of ‘acid rains’
Ans 7 Air pollution is responsible for acid rains. It is caused by a chemical reaction that begins when compound like sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are released into the air in the atmosphere. They mix and react with water molecules and oxygen to form acidic rain.
3 Marks Questions
Q8 Examine the success of watershed management programme implemented in Jhabua district of Madhya Pradesh.
Ans The success of watershed management programme in Jhabua district can be examined through following points
1. Through watershed management programme the degradation of land in Jhabua district has
controlled in a significant manner.
2. This programme also helped to improve soil quality in the district.
3. About 20% of the total area under Jhabua district has treated by the watershed programmes.
4. They planted fodder grass on the pasture land and adopted social fencing of these lands for at least two years.
Q9 Define the term air pollution. Explain any two harmful effects of air pollution.
Ans A larger proportion of contaminants like dust fumes, gas, fog, odour, smoke or vapour to air for a long duration is known as air pollution. It may be harmful to ora and fauna and to property.
Harmful effects of air pollution are:
1.Air pollution is responsible for many diseases related to our respiratory, nervous and circulatory
systems.
2.Air pollution is responsible for creating a smoky fog over cities which is known as urban smog. It has negative effects on human health.
Q10 How is environment pollution caused? Mention four types of pollution responsible for environmental ndegradation.
Ans Pollution is the contamination of the environment by the introduction of contaminants that can cause damage to the environment and harm or discomfort to humans or other living species.
It is the addition of another form of any substance or form of energy to the environment at a faster rate than that the environment can accommodate it by dispersion, breakdown recycling or shortage in some harmless form.
The four types of pollution which are responsible for environmental degradation are as follows:
1.Water pollution
2.Air pollution
3.Land pollution
4.Noise pollution
Q11 How do industries pollute India’s water bodies? Explain with examples.
Ans Wastewater, poisonous gases, chemical residuals, numerous heavy metals, dust, smoke, etc from
industries contribute to water pollution. During the last fifty years, the number of industries in India has grown rapidly. But water pollution is concentrated within a few sub-sections, mainly in the form of toxic wastes and organic pollutants.
Most of these defaulting industries are leather, pulp and paper, textiles, chemicals, sugar mills, distilleries and thermal power stations. Not all industries have treatment facilities for industrial effluents. As small scale industries cannot afford enormous investments in pollution control equipment as their profit margin is very slender.
Q12 What is Noise Pollution? Explain any four sources?
Ans Noise Pollution refers to a noise that cause a condition which is unbearable and uncomfortable for human beings. After technological innovation, it has become a serious problem, especially in urban areas.
1. Factories, mechanised construction and demolition works, aircraft, automobiles loudspeaker, siren, etc.
2. The noise produced by traffic is a major source of noise pollution. It crates a huge inconvenience to the people. Intensity and nature of noise made by traffic are dependent on various factors such as type of vehcile, (aircraft, train, etc) condition of road and condition of the vehicle (incase of automobile)
3. In sea traffic, noise pollution is limited to the harbour because of the loading and unloading activities of containers.
4. Noise pollution from industries is also a serious problem, but its intensity varies because of some
factors such as types of industry, types of machines and tools, etc.
Q13 Explain any three consequences of air pollution?
Ans The main consequences of air pollution are as follows:
1. Air pollution is responsible for many diseases that cause harm to our respiratory, nervous and
circulatory systems.
2. Air pollution is responsible for creating a smoky fog over cities which is known as urban smog. It also has negative effects on human health.
3. Air pollution is also responsible for acid rains. The first rain after summers in urban area always
shows acidic nature of rainwater i.e. it shows a lower pH level than the subsequent rain.
4. Air pollution may be harmful to flora and fauna and to property.
Q14 Why is the urban waste disposal a serious problem in India? Explain any three reasons.
Ans Mismanagement and environmental problem related to solid waste have now become a major problem, in India most of the solid wastes are not collected properly.
Impacts of improper management of solid wastes are:
1. Solid wastes are a threat to human health and can cause various diseases. It creates the foul smell
and it harbours flies and rodents that can cause typhoid, diphtheria, diarrhoea, malaria, cholera and
other diseases.
2. Solid waste can create inconvenience rapidly if they are not properly handled, wind and rainwater can splitted it and cause discomfort to people.
3. Industrial solid waste can cause water pollution by dumping it into water bodies. Drains carrying
untreated sewage also result in various health problems.
Q15 How is the degradation of cultivable land one of the serious problems in India? Explain in any three points
Ans Degradation of cultivable land is one of the serious problems in India because:
1. The limited availability and deterioration of quality of land, both are responsible to exert pressure on agricultural land.
2. Soil erosion, water logging, salinisation and alkalinisation of land lead to land degradation which
declines productivity of the land.
3. Natural and man-made processes, both degrade the quality of the land.
Q16 State any two major sources of air pollution in India. How is air pollution harmful to human health? Explain
Ans The main sources of air pollution are a release of various gases such as oxides of sulphur and nitrogens, hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, lead and asbestos by combustion of fossil fuels/mining and industries. For the effects of air pollution,
The main consequences of air pollution are as follows:
1. Air pollution is responsible for many diseases that cause harm to our respiratory, nervous and
circulatory systems.
2. Air pollution is responsible for creating a smoky fog over cities which is known as urban smog. It also has negative effects on human health.
3. Air pollution is also responsible for acid rains. The first rain after summers in urban area always
shows acidic nature of rainwater i.e. it shows a lower pH level than the subsequent rain.
4. Air pollution may be harmful to flora and fauna and to property.
Q1 What is the criterion for the classification of pollution?
Ans Types of pollution are classified on the basis of the medium through which pollutants are transported and diffused.
Q2 Mention any two sources of water pollutants created by humans
Ans TVvo sources of water pollutants created by humans are:
1.Sewage disposal
2.Toxic effluents from industries
Q3 Mention any two diseases caused by contaminated water
Ans Two diseases cauesd by contaminated water:
1. Diarrhoea
2. Hepatitis
Q4 Mention any two sources of land pollution in India
Ans Two sources of land pollution in India are as follows:
1.Increasing use of chemicals like fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture.
2.Increasing industrial activities.
Q5 Name any two natural sources of water pollution.
Ans Landslides and decay and decomposition of plants and animals are natural sources of water pollution.
Q6 Name any two diseases that are caused by air pollution.
Ans Lung cancer and asthma are two diseases caused by air pollution.
Q7 Mention the root cause of ‘acid rains’
Ans 7 Air pollution is responsible for acid rains. It is caused by a chemical reaction that begins when compound like sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are released into the air in the atmosphere. They mix and react with water molecules and oxygen to form acidic rain.
3 Marks Questions
Q8 Examine the success of watershed management programme implemented in Jhabua district of Madhya Pradesh.
Ans The success of watershed management programme in Jhabua district can be examined through following points
1. Through watershed management programme the degradation of land in Jhabua district has
controlled in a significant manner.
2. This programme also helped to improve soil quality in the district.
3. About 20% of the total area under Jhabua district has treated by the watershed programmes.
4. They planted fodder grass on the pasture land and adopted social fencing of these lands for at least two years.
Q9 Define the term air pollution. Explain any two harmful effects of air pollution.
Ans A larger proportion of contaminants like dust fumes, gas, fog, odour, smoke or vapour to air for a long duration is known as air pollution. It may be harmful to ora and fauna and to property.
Harmful effects of air pollution are:
1.Air pollution is responsible for many diseases related to our respiratory, nervous and circulatory
systems.
2.Air pollution is responsible for creating a smoky fog over cities which is known as urban smog. It has negative effects on human health.
Q10 How is environment pollution caused? Mention four types of pollution responsible for environmental ndegradation.
Ans Pollution is the contamination of the environment by the introduction of contaminants that can cause damage to the environment and harm or discomfort to humans or other living species.
It is the addition of another form of any substance or form of energy to the environment at a faster rate than that the environment can accommodate it by dispersion, breakdown recycling or shortage in some harmless form.
The four types of pollution which are responsible for environmental degradation are as follows:
1.Water pollution
2.Air pollution
3.Land pollution
4.Noise pollution
Q11 How do industries pollute India’s water bodies? Explain with examples.
Ans Wastewater, poisonous gases, chemical residuals, numerous heavy metals, dust, smoke, etc from
industries contribute to water pollution. During the last fifty years, the number of industries in India has grown rapidly. But water pollution is concentrated within a few sub-sections, mainly in the form of toxic wastes and organic pollutants.
Most of these defaulting industries are leather, pulp and paper, textiles, chemicals, sugar mills, distilleries and thermal power stations. Not all industries have treatment facilities for industrial effluents. As small scale industries cannot afford enormous investments in pollution control equipment as their profit margin is very slender.
Q12 What is Noise Pollution? Explain any four sources?
Ans Noise Pollution refers to a noise that cause a condition which is unbearable and uncomfortable for human beings. After technological innovation, it has become a serious problem, especially in urban areas.
1. Factories, mechanised construction and demolition works, aircraft, automobiles loudspeaker, siren, etc.
2. The noise produced by traffic is a major source of noise pollution. It crates a huge inconvenience to the people. Intensity and nature of noise made by traffic are dependent on various factors such as type of vehcile, (aircraft, train, etc) condition of road and condition of the vehicle (incase of automobile)
3. In sea traffic, noise pollution is limited to the harbour because of the loading and unloading activities of containers.
4. Noise pollution from industries is also a serious problem, but its intensity varies because of some
factors such as types of industry, types of machines and tools, etc.
Q13 Explain any three consequences of air pollution?
Ans The main consequences of air pollution are as follows:
1. Air pollution is responsible for many diseases that cause harm to our respiratory, nervous and
circulatory systems.
2. Air pollution is responsible for creating a smoky fog over cities which is known as urban smog. It also has negative effects on human health.
3. Air pollution is also responsible for acid rains. The first rain after summers in urban area always
shows acidic nature of rainwater i.e. it shows a lower pH level than the subsequent rain.
4. Air pollution may be harmful to flora and fauna and to property.
Q14 Why is the urban waste disposal a serious problem in India? Explain any three reasons.
Ans Mismanagement and environmental problem related to solid waste have now become a major problem, in India most of the solid wastes are not collected properly.
Impacts of improper management of solid wastes are:
1. Solid wastes are a threat to human health and can cause various diseases. It creates the foul smell
and it harbours flies and rodents that can cause typhoid, diphtheria, diarrhoea, malaria, cholera and
other diseases.
2. Solid waste can create inconvenience rapidly if they are not properly handled, wind and rainwater can splitted it and cause discomfort to people.
3. Industrial solid waste can cause water pollution by dumping it into water bodies. Drains carrying
untreated sewage also result in various health problems.
Q15 How is the degradation of cultivable land one of the serious problems in India? Explain in any three points
Ans Degradation of cultivable land is one of the serious problems in India because:
1. The limited availability and deterioration of quality of land, both are responsible to exert pressure on agricultural land.
2. Soil erosion, water logging, salinisation and alkalinisation of land lead to land degradation which
declines productivity of the land.
3. Natural and man-made processes, both degrade the quality of the land.
Q16 State any two major sources of air pollution in India. How is air pollution harmful to human health? Explain
Ans The main sources of air pollution are a release of various gases such as oxides of sulphur and nitrogens, hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, lead and asbestos by combustion of fossil fuels/mining and industries. For the effects of air pollution,
The main consequences of air pollution are as follows:
1. Air pollution is responsible for many diseases that cause harm to our respiratory, nervous and
circulatory systems.
2. Air pollution is responsible for creating a smoky fog over cities which is known as urban smog. It also has negative effects on human health.
3. Air pollution is also responsible for acid rains. The first rain after summers in urban area always
shows acidic nature of rainwater i.e. it shows a lower pH level than the subsequent rain.
4. Air pollution may be harmful to flora and fauna and to property.
Comments
Post a Comment