BOOK 2 CH11 International Trade (Important Question Answer)
BOOK2 INDIA PEOPLE AND ECONOMY
CH11 INTERNATIONAL TRADE
IMPORTANT QUESTION ANSWER
1 Mark Questions
Q1 Which major sea port on the eastern coast of India has a land locked harbour?
Ans 1 Vishakhapatnam is major sea port on the eastern coast of India which has a land locked harbour.
Q2 Name the major seaport which has been developed to relieve the pressure at Chennai sea port.
Ans 2 Ennore is the major sea port which has been developed to relieve the pressure at Chennai sea port.
Q3 Name the two countries which are the largest trading partners of India as per economic survey report of 2011-12.
Ans 3 UAE and China are the largest trading partners of India as per economic survey report of 2011-12.
Q4 Name the country which is the largest trading partner of India.
Ans 4 China constitute 70,717.18 total trade with India during 2013-14. Therefore, china is the largest trading partner of India.
Q5 Name the sea port which was constructed to reduce the congestion of Kolkata port.
Ans 5 Haldia port was constructed to reduce the congestion at Kolkata port.
Q6 Name the major sea port which was developed just after independence on the western coast of India.
Ans 6 Kandla port was developed just after independence on the western coast of India.
Q7 Name the port developed as a satellite port to relieve the pressure at Mumbai port.
Ans 7 Jawaharlal Nehru port was developed as a satellite port to relieve the pressure at Mumbai port.
Q8 Give the meaning of the term 'hinterland'.
Ans Hinterland is the area which lie behind the sea port and serves the sea port through free form.
Q9 Name the major sea port located on Hugli river.
Ans 9 Kolkata port is located on the Hugli river.
Q10 Which port has been developed to relieve the pressure of Chennai port?
Ans 10 Tuticorin and Ennore ports have been developed to relieve the pressure of Chennai port.
Ans 11 Crude petroleum and petroleum products are principle import commodities of India.
Q12 Which country is the largest trading partner of India? (All India 2010)
Ans 12 UAE is the largest trading partner of India.
Q13 Name the oldest artificial seaport of India.
Ans 13 The oldest artificial seaport of India in Chennai port.
Q14 Name the biggest seaport of India.
Ans 14 The biggest seaport of India is Mumbai port.
3 Mark Questions
Q1 “Most of India’s foreign trade is carried through sea routes”. Explain the statement giving three reasons.
Ans 1 Most of India’s foreign trade is carried through sea routes because:Long Coastline
India has a long coastline of 7511 km. It provides India to connect with other countries easily by sea route.
Open to Sea from Three Sides
India’s peninsular plate is opened to sea from three sides. This strategic situation in Indian ocean provides a great advantage for India’s International Trade.
Cheapest Means of Transport
Water transport is a cheap means of transport as it provides a smooth surface and zeroes turbulence.
5 Mark Questions
Q1 “Despite the set back caused by the partition, Indian ports continued to grow after the independence”. Support the statement with examples.
Ans 1 India has a long history of international trade via seaports. These ports emerged as gateways of
international trade after the coming of European traders and colonisation of India by British. These ports linked the local market to regional markets, regional to national and national international markets. This process was ‘ continued until independence. But India faced a huge loss when Karachi and Chittagong port were lost with the partition of the country. Karachi port went to Pakistan and Chittagong port went to ‘ East- Pakistan (now Bangladesh).
To recover from this loss, many new ports were developed. For instance, Kandla in the West and Diamond Harbour in the East near Kolkata on river Hugli. India recovered successfully from this loss and continued the growth of Indian ports.
Today large volumes of domestic and international trades are handled by these Indian ports. Modem
infrastructure facilities are available in most of the Indian ports. Many private entrepreneurs have been invited for the modernisation of ports in the country. The cargo handling capacity of Indian ports has increased from 20 million tonnes in 1951 to more than 586 million tonnes in 2008-09.
Currently, there are 12 major ports and 185 minor or intermediate ports. A larger part of total traffic is
carried through major ports.
Q2 Describe any five features of changing patterns of the composition of India’s import.
Ans 2 The changing pattern of the composition of India’s import is discussed below:
1. During the 1950s and 1960s, India faced serious food shortage, thus the country had to import food
grains, capital goods, machinery and equipment at large scale.
2. After 1970, when the success of the Green Revolution takes place, it results in discontinuation of the foodgrain import.
3. The energy crises of 1973 raised the import prices of petroleum and fertilizers along with machine
and equipment, special steel, edible oil and chemicals.
4. Import of capital goods like non-electrical machinery, transport equipment, manufactures of metals
and machine tools registered a steady increase. This increase could be because of the increasing
demand in the export-oriented industrial and domestic sectors.
5. Pearls and semi-precious stones, gold and silver, metallic ferrous ores and metal scrap non-ferrous
metals, electronic goods, etc are other important items of India’s import.
Q3 Describe in brief the changing nature of export items in the international trade of India.
Ans 3 The changing pattern of the composition of India’s exports can be understood through the following points:
1. There is a decrease in the share of agriculture and allied products.
2. The share of petroleum products has increased mainly because of the rise in petroleum prices and
increase in the petroleum rening capacity of India.
3. A huge decline is registered in the exports of traditional items like coffee, spices, tea, pulses, etc due
to the tough international competition.
4. The increase has been registered in oricultural products, fresh fruits, marine products and sugar etc.
5. Gems and jewellery are other commodities that have a larger share in India’s international trade.
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