BOOK2 CH10 Transport And Communication (Important Question Answer)

BOOK2 INDIA PEOPLE AND ECONOMY

CH10 TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION

IMPORTANT QUESTION ANSWER

1 Mark Questions

Q1 Why did Sher Shah Suri built the Shahi (Royal) road?

Ans 1 The main reason behind building the Shahi (Royal) road by Sher Shah was to strengthen and consolidate his empire from the Indus Valley to the Sonar valley in Bengal.

Q2 Explain the term 'Golden Quadrilateral' 

Ans 2 Golden Quadrilateral is a 4 or 6 lane super highway project understand by National Highway Authority of India. It is a 5846 km long highway meant to connect India's four big metro cities of Delhi - Mumbai - Chennai - Kolkata. It deducts the time - distance and cost of movement along the mega cities  of India.

Q3 What is satellite communication?

Ans 3 Satellites is an advanced mode of communication in themselves. They also regulate the use of other means of communication.

Q4 Why is the density of rural roads very low in the hilly areas of India? Give one reason.

Ans 4 Nature of diffcult terrain makes construction of roads difficult and comparatively costly that's  why density of roads is very low in the hilly areas of India.

Q5 State the main function of Border Road Organisation.

Ans 5 The main Fnction of Border Road Organisation (BRO) are :

(i) Construction and maintenance of border roads.

(ii) Clearance of snow in high altitude areas.

Q6 State the main function of National Highways Authority of India.

Ans 6 The National Highway Authority of India (NHAI) is entrusted with the responsibility of development, maintenance and operation of National Highways.

3 Mark Question  

Q1 Describe any three advantage of Satellite communication in India.

Ans 1 Advantages of satellite communication in India are as follows:

(i) Satellites provide a continuous and synoptic view of larger area which is very vital for the country due to the economic and strategic reasons.

(ii) The Indian National Satellite System (INSAT) is a multipurpose satellite system which is very useful in telecommunication meteorological observation and other data and programmes for India.

(iii) The Indian Remote Sensing Satellite System (IRS) is very useful in the management of Natural resources, monitoring of Natural calamities, surveillance of border, etc in India. 

Q2 The distribution of roads in India is not uniform. Examine the statement by giving three reeasons.

Ans 2 The distribution of roads in India is not uniform. Reason  behind this uneven distribution of roads are:

(i) Roads can be easily and cheaply constructed in plain areas whereas it can be difficult and costly in hilly, mountains and plateau areas. That's why most of the northern states and southern states have dense network of roads as compared to Himalayan and North - Eastern states.

(ii) Level of economic development also plays an important role in deciding the network of roads in an area. That's why having plain areas, Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh have less dense network of roads.

(iii) Inaccessible areas also have less density of roads in India. Forested rainy and high altitude areas have less density roads.

Q3 Describe any three advantage of pipelines as a means of transport in India.

Ans 3  Advantage of pipelines as means of transport in India are as follows:

(i) It is most convenient and efficient means of tranporting liquids and gases over long distances.

(ii) Pipelines can also transport solids after converting them into slurry.

(iii) Its intial set up cost is high, after it pipelines transport liquids and gases very cheaply.

Q4 What are the three categories to the track of Indian railways? Write any one feature of each.

Ans 4 Indian railways has been divided into three categories on the basis of the width of the track:

Broad Gauge In broad gauge, the distance between rails is 1.676 metres.

Characteristics of broad gauge are:

(i) Broad gauge line share 74.17 percent of railway length in the total length of rail routes in the country.

(ii) The total length of broad gauge lines is 55188 km.

Metre Gauge In metre gauge, the distance between the rail is one metre.

Characteristics of metre gauge are:

(i)It accounts for 21.02% of total route length in the country

(ii)The total length of metre gauge is 6809km.

Narrow Gauge In narrow gauge, the distance between the rails in 0.762 metres.

Characteristics of narrow gauge are:

(i) It accounts for about 4.94 percent of total route length in the country.

(ii) The total length of narrow gauge line is 24 63  km.

Q5 Which are the two types of roads included under the category of other roads in India ? Write any two features of each.

Ans 5 Border roads and International Highways are included under the category of 'other Roads' in India. These are described below:

Border Roads These are strategically important roads along the Northern and North - Eastern boundary of the country.

Characteristics of border roads are as follows:

(i) The total length of border roads was 40450 km in 2005 which was constructed by BRO.

(ii) These roads are important to accelerate economic development and strengthening defence preparedness.

International Highway These are roads which connect India to neighbouring countries.
Characteristics of International highways are as follows:
(i)They aim to promote harmonious relationship with neighbouring countries.
(ii) They provide an effective connection to neighbouring countries.

Q6 Write any six characteristics of roads transport in India.
Ans 6 Characteristics of road transport in India are as follows:
(i) With a total length of 42.3 lakh km of roads, India has placed itself among the countries which have a large road network.

(ii) Road transport carries about 85%  of passenger and 70% of freight traffic every year.

(iii) Various attempts are made to modernise and improve the condition of roads in India such as Nagpur plan, twenty - year road plan.

(iv) In India, roads are classified on the basis of purpose of construction and maintenance in National in National Highways (NH), state Highways (SH), Major District Roads and Rural Roads.

(v) Apart from above roads, there are border roads which are constructed defence purpose and international roads which are constructed to link connection with neighbouring countries.

(vi) Distribution of roads is not even throughout the country. Road density is highest in Uttar Pradesh and lowest in Jammu and Kashmir.