BOOK2 CH9 Planing And Sustainable Development In India Context (Important Question Answer)
BOOK2 INDIA PEOPLE AND ECONOMY
CH9 PLANING AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA CONTEXT
IMPORTANT QUESTION ANSWER
1 Mark Questions
Q1 Examine the twin environment probably that have emerged in the "Indira Gandhi Canal ?Command Area".
Ans 1 Environmental problems that have emerged in the "Indira Gandhi Canal Command Area" are :
(i) Water logging (ii) Soil salinity
Q2 What is "sectoral planning"
Ans 2 In sectoral planing approach, the development of various sectors such as agriculture, irrigation manufacturing, power, construction, transport, communication, social infrastructure and service take into consideration to which various sets of schemes or programmes are formalised and implemented.
Q3 How has the Gaddi tribal community of Bharmaur region maintained a distinct identity?
Ans 3 The Gaddi tribal community of Bharmaur region maintained a distinct identity as they practised transhumance and conversed through Gaddiali dialect.
Q4 What is the main objective to implement the fourth five year plan for the people in drought prone areas.
Ans 4 The main objective to implement the fourth five year plan for the people in drought prone areas are to provide employment and create productive assets.
Q5 In which five year plan of India were Hill Area Development programmes were initiated ?
Ans 5 Hill area development programmes initiated in the fifth five year plan of India.
Q6 Explain the main aims of Bharmaur Tribal Area development plan.
Ans 6 The main aims and priorities of this project are as follows:
(i) Improving the quality of life of the Gaddis.
(ii) Narrowing the gap in the level of development between Bharmaur and other district of Himachal Pradesh.
(iii) The highest priority was on development of transport and communications, agriculture and allied activities as well as social and community services.
Q7 How has the introduction of Indira Gandhi canal irrigation in the dryland of Rajasthan influenced the environmental condition of the region positively? Explain in any three points.
Ans 7 The positive impact of Indira Gandhi Canal irrigation on the environmental condition of the dryland area of Rajasthan are as follow:
(i) CAD programmes (Command Area Development) i.e afforestation and pasture program developed the desertic area into greenland.
(ii) An increase in agriculture, livestock productivity and intensity of cropping also have been recorded.
(iii) Commercial crops i.e wheat, rice, cotton, groundnut replaced the drought resistant crops like gram, bajra and jowar.
5 Mark Questions
Q1 Development is a multi - dimensional concept and signifies the positive, irreversible transformation of the economy, society and environment. Support the statement with suitable arguments from India.
Ans 1 Development is a dynamic concept that used to describe the state of particular societies and the process of changes experienced by them. In early human history the main criteria of determination of a society state were the interaction processes between human societies and their bio - physical environment.
Societies helped in the development of Various levels of technology and institution upon which human environment processes depend. These have helped in increasing the pace of human environment interaction, therefore the momentum generated and festinated technological progress and transformation and creation of institution.
After the period of World War II development and economic growth in poverty is experienced by even the developed nations having high economic growth. Then redistribution with growth and equlity broaden. Then redistribution with growth and equity broaden the term development in 1970
Now the concept of development not only restricted to the economic sphere alone, but also incorporates balance and equality among people in term of welfare and quality among people in term of welfare and quality of life of people health, education and other facilities, equal opportunity to all and ensuring political and civil rights.
Hence, the concept of development has become multi - dimensional and stand for positive, irreversible transformation of the economy, society and environment
Q2 ''Hill Area Development Programmes in India were drawn keeping in view their topographical ecological, social and economic conditions''. Support this statement with suitable ?
Ans 2 Yes it is true, that Hill Area Development Programmes in India were drawn keeping in view their topographical, ecological, social and economic conditions because the main objective of these programmes were on to development of :
(i) Horticulture
(ii) Plantation agriculture
(iii) Animal Husbandry
(iv) Poultry
(v) Forestry
(vi) Small scale and village industry.
By this, exploitation of local resources may become possible.
The programme was recommended by the National Commitee on the development of backward area (1981), which set a criterion that hill areas having a height above 600 m and not covered under tribal sub plan be treated as backward hillb areas. The programme covers all the hilly district of Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Mikir Hill and North hills of Assam, Darjiling district of West Bengal and Nilgiri district of Tamil nadu. It was started in Fifth Five year Plan.
(i) Water logging (ii) Soil salinity
Q2 What is "sectoral planning"
Ans 2 In sectoral planing approach, the development of various sectors such as agriculture, irrigation manufacturing, power, construction, transport, communication, social infrastructure and service take into consideration to which various sets of schemes or programmes are formalised and implemented.
Q3 How has the Gaddi tribal community of Bharmaur region maintained a distinct identity?
Ans 3 The Gaddi tribal community of Bharmaur region maintained a distinct identity as they practised transhumance and conversed through Gaddiali dialect.
Q4 What is the main objective to implement the fourth five year plan for the people in drought prone areas.
Ans 4 The main objective to implement the fourth five year plan for the people in drought prone areas are to provide employment and create productive assets.
Q5 In which five year plan of India were Hill Area Development programmes were initiated ?
Ans 5 Hill area development programmes initiated in the fifth five year plan of India.
Q6 Explain the main aims of Bharmaur Tribal Area development plan.
Ans 6 The main aims and priorities of this project are as follows:
(i) Improving the quality of life of the Gaddis.
(ii) Narrowing the gap in the level of development between Bharmaur and other district of Himachal Pradesh.
(iii) The highest priority was on development of transport and communications, agriculture and allied activities as well as social and community services.
Q7 How has the introduction of Indira Gandhi canal irrigation in the dryland of Rajasthan influenced the environmental condition of the region positively? Explain in any three points.
Ans 7 The positive impact of Indira Gandhi Canal irrigation on the environmental condition of the dryland area of Rajasthan are as follow:
(i) CAD programmes (Command Area Development) i.e afforestation and pasture program developed the desertic area into greenland.
(ii) An increase in agriculture, livestock productivity and intensity of cropping also have been recorded.
(iii) Commercial crops i.e wheat, rice, cotton, groundnut replaced the drought resistant crops like gram, bajra and jowar.
5 Mark Questions
Q1 Development is a multi - dimensional concept and signifies the positive, irreversible transformation of the economy, society and environment. Support the statement with suitable arguments from India.
Ans 1 Development is a dynamic concept that used to describe the state of particular societies and the process of changes experienced by them. In early human history the main criteria of determination of a society state were the interaction processes between human societies and their bio - physical environment.
Societies helped in the development of Various levels of technology and institution upon which human environment processes depend. These have helped in increasing the pace of human environment interaction, therefore the momentum generated and festinated technological progress and transformation and creation of institution.
After the period of World War II development and economic growth in poverty is experienced by even the developed nations having high economic growth. Then redistribution with growth and equlity broaden. Then redistribution with growth and equity broaden the term development in 1970
Now the concept of development not only restricted to the economic sphere alone, but also incorporates balance and equality among people in term of welfare and quality among people in term of welfare and quality of life of people health, education and other facilities, equal opportunity to all and ensuring political and civil rights.
Hence, the concept of development has become multi - dimensional and stand for positive, irreversible transformation of the economy, society and environment
Q2 ''Hill Area Development Programmes in India were drawn keeping in view their topographical ecological, social and economic conditions''. Support this statement with suitable ?
Ans 2 Yes it is true, that Hill Area Development Programmes in India were drawn keeping in view their topographical, ecological, social and economic conditions because the main objective of these programmes were on to development of :
(i) Horticulture
(ii) Plantation agriculture
(iii) Animal Husbandry
(iv) Poultry
(v) Forestry
(vi) Small scale and village industry.
By this, exploitation of local resources may become possible.
The programme was recommended by the National Commitee on the development of backward area (1981), which set a criterion that hill areas having a height above 600 m and not covered under tribal sub plan be treated as backward hillb areas. The programme covers all the hilly district of Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Mikir Hill and North hills of Assam, Darjiling district of West Bengal and Nilgiri district of Tamil nadu. It was started in Fifth Five year Plan.
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